Add methods to verify and purchase subscriptions

2024-10-30 17:35:33 +03:00 · 2024-10-30 17:35:33 +03:00 · 2c6ae4214d
commit 2c6ae4214d
parent 12eee2cd40
8 changed files with 306 additions and 79 deletions
--- a/client/android/billing/src/main/kotlin/BillingException.kt
+++ b/client/android/billing/src/main/kotlin/BillingException.kt
@ -12,10 +12,24 @@ import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingClient.BillingResponseCode.USER_CANC
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingResult
 import org.amnezia.vpn.util.ErrorCode

-internal class BillingException(billingResult: BillingResult) : Exception(billingResult.debugMessage) {
+internal class BillingException(
+    billingResult: BillingResult,
+    retryable: Boolean = false
+) : Exception(billingResult.toString()) {
+
+    constructor(msg: String) : this(BillingResult.newBuilder()
+        .setResponseCode(9999)
+        .setDebugMessage(msg)
+        .build())

    val errorCode: Int
    val isCanceled = billingResult.responseCode == USER_CANCELED
+    val isRetryable = retryable || billingResult.responseCode in setOf(
+        NETWORK_ERROR,
+        SERVICE_DISCONNECTED,
+        SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE,
+        ERROR
+    )

    init {
        when (billingResult.responseCode) {
--- a/client/android/billing/src/main/kotlin/BillingProvider.kt
+++ b/client/android/billing/src/main/kotlin/BillingProvider.kt
@ -1,22 +1,30 @@
 import android.app.Activity
 import android.content.Context
+import com.android.billingclient.api.AcknowledgePurchaseParams
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingClient
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingClient.BillingResponseCode
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingClient.ProductType
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingClientStateListener
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingFlowParams
+import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingFlowParams.SubscriptionUpdateParams.ReplacementMode
 import com.android.billingclient.api.BillingResult
 import com.android.billingclient.api.GetBillingConfigParams
 import com.android.billingclient.api.PendingPurchasesParams
+import com.android.billingclient.api.ProductDetails
 import com.android.billingclient.api.Purchase
 import com.android.billingclient.api.PurchasesUpdatedListener
 import com.android.billingclient.api.QueryProductDetailsParams
 import com.android.billingclient.api.QueryProductDetailsParams.Product
+import com.android.billingclient.api.QueryPurchasesParams
+import com.android.billingclient.api.acknowledgePurchase
 import com.android.billingclient.api.queryProductDetails
+import com.android.billingclient.api.queryPurchasesAsync
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CancellationException
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
+import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
 import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableStateFlow
+import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.firstOrNull
 import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import org.amnezia.vpn.util.Log
 import org.json.JSONArray
@ -26,6 +34,7 @@ private const val TAG = "BillingProvider"
 private const val RESULT_OK = 1
 private const val RESULT_CANCELED = 0
 private const val RESULT_ERROR = -1
+private const val PRODUCT_ID = "premium"

 class BillingProvider(context: Context) : AutoCloseable {

@ -33,7 +42,7 @@ class BillingProvider(context: Context) : AutoCloseable {
    private var subscriptionPurchases = MutableStateFlow<Pair<BillingResult, List<Purchase>?>?>(null)

    private val purchasesUpdatedListeners = PurchasesUpdatedListener { billingResult, purchases ->
-        Log.v(TAG, "PurchasesUpdatedListener: $billingResult")
+        Log.v(TAG, "Purchases updated: $billingResult")
        subscriptionPurchases.value = billingResult to purchases
    }

@ -47,7 +56,7 @@ class BillingProvider(context: Context) : AutoCloseable {
    private suspend fun connect() {
        if (billingClient.isReady) return

-        Log.v(TAG, "Connect to Google Play")
+        Log.v(TAG, "Billing client connection")
        val connection = CompletableDeferred<Unit>()
        withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
            billingClient.startConnection(object : BillingClientStateListener {
@ -69,29 +78,67 @@ class BillingProvider(context: Context) : AutoCloseable {
        connection.await()
    }

-    private suspend fun handleBillingApiCall(block: suspend () -> JSONObject): JSONObject =
-        try {
-            block()
-        } catch (e: BillingException) {
-            if (e.isCanceled) {
-                Log.w(TAG, "Billing canceled")
-                JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_CANCELED)
-            } else {
-                Log.e(TAG, "Billing error: $e")
-                JSONObject()
-                    .put("result", RESULT_ERROR)
-                    .put("errorCode", e.errorCode)
+    private suspend fun handleBillingApiCall(block: suspend () -> JSONObject): JSONObject {
+        val numberAttempts = 3
+        var attemptCount = 0
+        while (true) {
+            try {
+                return block()
+            } catch (e: BillingException) {
+                if (e.isCanceled) {
+                    Log.w(TAG, "Billing canceled")
+                    return JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_CANCELED)
+                } else if (e.isRetryable && attemptCount < numberAttempts) {
+                    Log.d(TAG, "Retryable error: $e")
+                    ++attemptCount
+                    delay(1000)
+                } else {
+                    Log.e(TAG, "Billing error: $e")
+                    return JSONObject()
+                        .put("result", RESULT_ERROR)
+                        .put("errorCode", e.errorCode)
+                }
+            } catch (_: CancellationException) {
+                Log.w(TAG, "Billing coroutine canceled")
+                return JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_CANCELED)
            }
-        } catch (_: CancellationException) {
-            Log.w(TAG, "Billing coroutine canceled")
-            JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_CANCELED)
        }
+    }

-    suspend fun getSubscriptionPlans(): JSONObject = handleBillingApiCall {
+    suspend fun getSubscriptionPlans(): JSONObject {
        Log.v(TAG, "Get subscription plans")

+        val productDetailsList = getProductDetails()
+        val resultJson = JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_OK)
+        val productArray = JSONArray().also { resultJson.put("products", it) }
+        productDetailsList?.forEach { productDetails ->
+            val product = JSONObject().also { productArray.put(it) }
+                .put("productId", productDetails.productId)
+                .put("name", productDetails.name)
+            val offers = JSONArray().also { product.put("offers", it) }
+            productDetails.subscriptionOfferDetails?.forEach { offerDetails ->
+                val offer = JSONObject().also { offers.put(it) }
+                    .put("basePlanId", offerDetails.basePlanId)
+                    .put("offerId", offerDetails.offerId)
+                    .put("offerToken", offerDetails.offerToken)
+                val pricingPhases = JSONArray().also { offer.put("pricingPhases", it) }
+                offerDetails.pricingPhases.pricingPhaseList.forEach { phase ->
+                    JSONObject().also { pricingPhases.put(it) }
+                        .put("billingCycleCount", phase.billingCycleCount)
+                        .put("billingPeriod", phase.billingPeriod)
+                        .put("formatedPrice", phase.formattedPrice)
+                        .put("recurrenceMode", phase.recurrenceMode)
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return resultJson
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun getProductDetails(): List<ProductDetails>? {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Get product details")
+
        val productDetailsParams = Product.newBuilder()
-            .setProductId("premium")
+            .setProductId(PRODUCT_ID)
            .setProductType(ProductType.SUBS)
            .build()

@ -103,40 +150,17 @@ class BillingProvider(context: Context) : AutoCloseable {
            billingClient.queryProductDetails(queryProductDetailsParams)
        }

+        Log.v(TAG, "Query product details result: ${result.billingResult}")
+
        if (!result.billingResult.isOk) {
-            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get subscription plans: ${result.billingResult}")
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to get product details: ${result.billingResult}")
            throw BillingException(result.billingResult)
        }

-        Log.v(TAG, "Subscription plans:\n${result.productDetailsList}")
-
-        val resultJson = JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_OK)
-
-        val productArray = JSONArray().also { resultJson.put("products", it) }
-        result.productDetailsList?.forEach {
-            val product = JSONObject().also { productArray.put(it) }
-            product.put("productId", it.productId)
-            product.put("name", it.name)
-            val offers = JSONArray().also { product.put("offers", it) }
-            it.subscriptionOfferDetails?.forEach {
-                val offer = JSONObject().also { offers.put(it) }
-                offer.put("basePlanId", it.basePlanId)
-                offer.put("offerId", it.offerId)
-                offer.put("offerToken", it.offerToken)
-                val pricingPhases = JSONArray().also { offer.put("pricingPhases", it) }
-                it.pricingPhases.pricingPhaseList.forEach {
-                    val pricingPhase = JSONObject().also { pricingPhases.put(it) }
-                    pricingPhase.put("billingCycleCount", it.billingCycleCount)
-                    pricingPhase.put("billingPeriod", it.billingPeriod)
-                    pricingPhase.put("formatedPrice", it.formattedPrice)
-                    pricingPhase.put("recurrenceMode", it.recurrenceMode)
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        resultJson
+        return result.productDetailsList
    }

-    suspend fun getCustomerCountryCode(): JSONObject = handleBillingApiCall {
+    suspend fun getCustomerCountryCode(): JSONObject {
        Log.v(TAG, "Get customer country code")

        val deferred = CompletableDeferred<String>()
@ -153,22 +177,135 @@ class BillingProvider(context: Context) : AutoCloseable {
        }
        val countryCode = deferred.await()

-        JSONObject()
+        return JSONObject()
            .put("result", RESULT_OK)
            .put("countryCode", countryCode)
    }

-    suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity, obfuscatedAccountId: String): JSONObject =
-        handleBillingApiCall {
-            Log.v(TAG, "Purchase subscription")
-            billingClient.launchBillingFlow(activity, BillingFlowParams.newBuilder()
-                .setObfuscatedAccountId(obfuscatedAccountId)
-                .build())
-            JSONObject()
+    suspend fun purchaseSubscription(
+        activity: Activity,
+        offerToken: String,
+        oldPurchaseToken: String? = null
+    ): JSONObject {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Purchase subscription")
+        Log.v(TAG, "Offer token: $offerToken")
+        oldPurchaseToken?.let { Log.v(TAG, "Old purchase token: $it") }
+
+        if (offerToken.isBlank()) throw BillingException("offerToken can not be empty")
+
+        val productDetails = getProductDetails()?.let {
+            it.filter { it.productId == PRODUCT_ID }
+        }?.firstOrNull() ?: throw BillingException("Product details not found")
+
+        Log.v(TAG, "Filtered product details:\n$productDetails")
+
+        val productDetail = BillingFlowParams.ProductDetailsParams.newBuilder()
+            .setProductDetails(productDetails)
+            .setOfferToken(offerToken)
+            .build()
+
+        val subscriptionUpdateParams = oldPurchaseToken?.let {
+            BillingFlowParams.SubscriptionUpdateParams.newBuilder()
+                .setOldPurchaseToken(oldPurchaseToken)
+                .setSubscriptionReplacementMode(ReplacementMode.WITHOUT_PRORATION)
+                .build()
        }

+        val billingResult = billingClient.launchBillingFlow(activity, BillingFlowParams.newBuilder()
+            .setProductDetailsParamsList(listOf(productDetail))
+            .apply { subscriptionUpdateParams?.let { setSubscriptionUpdateParams(it) } }
+            .build())
+
+        Log.v(TAG, "Start billing flow result: $billingResult")
+
+        if (billingResult.responseCode == BillingResponseCode.ITEM_ALREADY_OWNED) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Attempting to purchase already owned product")
+            val purchases = queryPurchases()
+            if (purchases.any { PRODUCT_ID in it.products }) throw BillingException(billingResult)
+            else throw BillingException(billingResult, retryable = true)
+        } else if (billingResult.responseCode == BillingResponseCode.ITEM_NOT_OWNED) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Attempting to replace not owned product")
+            val purchases = queryPurchases()
+            if (purchases.all { PRODUCT_ID !in it.products }) throw BillingException(billingResult)
+            else throw BillingException(billingResult, retryable = true)
+        } else if (!billingResult.isOk) throw BillingException(billingResult)
+
+        subscriptionPurchases.firstOrNull { it != null }?.let { (billingResult, purchases) ->
+            if (!billingResult.isOk) throw BillingException(billingResult)
+            return JSONObject()
+                .put("result", RESULT_OK)
+                .put("purchases", processPurchases(purchases))
+        } ?: throw BillingException("Purchase failed")
+    }
+
+    private fun processPurchases(purchases: List<Purchase>?): JSONArray {
+        val purchaseArray = JSONArray()
+        purchases?.forEach { purchase ->
+            val purchaseJson = JSONObject().also { purchaseArray.put(it) }
+                .put("purchaseToken", purchase.purchaseToken)
+                .put("purchaseTime", purchase.purchaseTime)
+                .put("purchaseState", purchase.purchaseState)
+                .put("isAcknowledged", purchase.isAcknowledged)
+                .put("isAutoRenewing", purchase.isAutoRenewing)
+                .put("orderId", purchase.orderId)
+                .put("productIds", JSONArray(purchase.products))
+
+            purchase.pendingPurchaseUpdate?.let { purchaseUpdate ->
+                JSONObject()
+                    .put("purchaseToken", purchaseUpdate.purchaseToken)
+                    .put("productIds", JSONArray(purchaseUpdate.products))
+            }.also { purchaseJson.put("pendingPurchaseUpdate", it) }
+        }
+        return purchaseArray
+    }
+
+    suspend fun acknowledge(purchaseToken: String): JSONObject {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Acknowledge purchase: $purchaseToken")
+
+        val result = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            billingClient.acknowledgePurchase(
+                AcknowledgePurchaseParams.newBuilder()
+                    .setPurchaseToken(purchaseToken)
+                    .build()
+            )
+        }
+
+        Log.v(TAG, "Acknowledge purchase result: $result")
+
+        if (result.responseCode == BillingResponseCode.ITEM_NOT_OWNED) {
+            Log.w(TAG, "Attempting to acknowledge not owned product")
+            val purchases = queryPurchases()
+            if (purchases.all { PRODUCT_ID !in it.products }) throw BillingException(result)
+            else throw BillingException(result, retryable = true)
+        } else if (!result.isOk && result.responseCode != BillingResponseCode.ITEM_ALREADY_OWNED) {
+            throw BillingException(result)
+        }
+
+        return JSONObject().put("result", RESULT_OK)
+    }
+
+    suspend fun getPurchases(): JSONObject {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Get purchases")
+        val purchases = queryPurchases()
+        return JSONObject()
+            .put("result", RESULT_OK)
+            .put("purchases", processPurchases(purchases))
+    }
+
+    private suspend fun queryPurchases(): List<Purchase> {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Query purchases")
+        val result = withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            billingClient.queryPurchasesAsync(
+                QueryPurchasesParams.newBuilder().setProductType(ProductType.SUBS).build()
+            )
+        }
+        Log.v(TAG, "Query purchases result: ${result.billingResult}")
+        if (!result.billingResult.isOk) throw BillingException(result.billingResult)
+        return result.purchasesList
+    }
+
    override fun close() {
-        Log.d(TAG, "Close billing client connection")
+        Log.v(TAG, "Close billing client connection")
        billingClient.endConnection()
    }

--- a/client/android/oss/org/amnezia/vpn/BillingPaymentRepository.kt
+++ b/client/android/oss/org/amnezia/vpn/BillingPaymentRepository.kt
@ -6,5 +6,8 @@ import android.content.Context
 class BillingPaymentRepository(@Suppress("UNUSED_PARAMETER") context: Context) : BillingRepository {
    override suspend fun getCountryCode(): String = ""
    override suspend fun getSubscriptionPlans(): String = ""
-    override suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity): String = ""
+    override suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity, offerToken: String): String = ""
+    override suspend fun upgradeSubscription(activity: Activity, offerToken: String, oldPurchaseToken: String): String = ""
+    override suspend fun acknowledge(purchaseToken: String): String = ""
+    override suspend fun queryPurchases(): String = ""
 }
--- a/client/android/play/org/amnezia/vpn/BillingPaymentRepository.kt
+++ b/client/android/play/org/amnezia/vpn/BillingPaymentRepository.kt
@ -14,7 +14,21 @@ class BillingPaymentRepository(private val context: Context) : BillingRepository
        getSubscriptionPlans()
    }

-    override suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity): String = withBillingProvider(context) {
-        purchaseSubscription(activity, "obfuscatedAccountId")
+    override suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity, offerToken: String): String =
+        withBillingProvider(context) {
+            purchaseSubscription(activity, offerToken)
+    }
+
+    override suspend fun upgradeSubscription(activity: Activity, offerToken: String, oldPurchaseToken: String): String =
+        withBillingProvider(context) {
+            purchaseSubscription(activity, offerToken, oldPurchaseToken)
+        }
+
+    override suspend fun acknowledge(purchaseToken: String): String = withBillingProvider(context) {
+        acknowledge(purchaseToken)
+    }
+
+    override suspend fun queryPurchases(): String = withBillingProvider(context) {
+        getPurchases()
    }
 }
--- a/client/android/src/org/amnezia/vpn/AmneziaActivity.kt
+++ b/client/android/src/org/amnezia/vpn/AmneziaActivity.kt
@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi
 import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
 import java.io.IOException
 import kotlin.LazyThreadSafetyMode.NONE
+import kotlin.coroutines.CoroutineContext
 import kotlin.text.RegexOption.IGNORE_CASE
 import AppListProvider
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CompletableDeferred
@ -39,7 +40,6 @@ import kotlinx.coroutines.async
 import kotlinx.coroutines.cancel
 import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
 import kotlinx.coroutines.runBlocking
-import kotlinx.coroutines.withContext
 import org.amnezia.vpn.protocol.getStatistics
 import org.amnezia.vpn.protocol.getStatus
 import org.amnezia.vpn.qt.QtAndroidController
@ -648,15 +648,9 @@ class AmneziaActivity : QtActivity() {
    @Suppress("unused")
    fun getAppList(): String {
        Log.v(TAG, "Get app list")
-        var appList = ""
-        runBlocking {
-            mainScope.launch {
-                withContext(Dispatchers.IO) {
-                    appList = AppListProvider.getAppList(packageManager, packageName)
-                }
-            }.join()
+        return blockingCall(Dispatchers.IO) {
+            AppListProvider.getAppList(packageManager, packageName)
        }
-        return appList
    }

    @Suppress("unused")
@ -728,26 +722,51 @@ class AmneziaActivity : QtActivity() {
    @Suppress("unused")
    fun getCountryCode(): String {
        Log.v(TAG, "Get country code")
-        return runBlocking {
-            mainScope.async {
-                billingRepository.getCountryCode()
-            }.await()
-        }
+        return blockingCall { billingRepository.getCountryCode() }
    }

    @Suppress("unused")
    fun getSubscriptionPlans(): String {
        Log.v(TAG, "Get subscription plans")
-        return runBlocking {
-            mainScope.async {
-                billingRepository.getSubscriptionPlans()
-            }.await()
+        return blockingCall { billingRepository.getSubscriptionPlans() }
+    }
+
+    @Suppress("unused")
+    fun purchaseSubscription(offerToken: String): String {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Purchase subscription")
+        return blockingCall { billingRepository.purchaseSubscription(this@AmneziaActivity, offerToken) }
+    }
+
+    @Suppress("unused")
+    fun upgradeSubscription(offerToken: String, oldPurchaseToken: String): String {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Upgrade subscription")
+        return blockingCall {
+            billingRepository.upgradeSubscription(this@AmneziaActivity, offerToken, oldPurchaseToken)
        }
    }

+    @Suppress("unused")
+    fun acknowledgePurchase(purchaseToken: String): String {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Acknowledge purchase")
+        return blockingCall { billingRepository.acknowledge(purchaseToken) }
+    }
+
+    @Suppress("unused")
+    fun queryPurchases(): String {
+        Log.v(TAG, "Query purchases")
+        return blockingCall { billingRepository.queryPurchases() }
+    }
+
    /**
     * Utils methods
     */
+    private fun <T> blockingCall(
+        context: CoroutineContext = Dispatchers.Default,
+        block: suspend () -> T
+    ) = runBlocking {
+        mainScope.async(context) { block() }.await()
+    }
+
    companion object {
        private fun actionCodeToString(actionCode: Int): String =
            when (actionCode) {
--- a/client/android/src/org/amnezia/vpn/BillingRepository.kt
+++ b/client/android/src/org/amnezia/vpn/BillingRepository.kt
@ -5,5 +5,8 @@ import android.app.Activity
 interface BillingRepository {
    suspend fun getCountryCode(): String
    suspend fun getSubscriptionPlans(): String
-    suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity): String
+    suspend fun purchaseSubscription(activity: Activity, offerToken: String): String
+    suspend fun upgradeSubscription(activity: Activity, offerToken: String, oldPurchaseToken: String): String
+    suspend fun acknowledge(purchaseToken: String): String
+    suspend fun queryPurchases(): String
 }
--- a/client/platforms/android/android_controller.cpp
+++ b/client/platforms/android/android_controller.cpp
@ -299,6 +299,39 @@ QJsonObject AndroidController::getSubscriptionPlans()
    return json;
 }

+QJsonObject AndroidController::purchaseSubscription(const QString &offerToken)
+{
+    QJniObject result = callActivityMethod<jstring, jstring>("purchaseSubscription", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;",
+                                                    QJniObject::fromString(offerToken).object<jstring>());
+    QJsonObject json = QJsonDocument::fromJson(result.toString().toUtf8()).object();
+    return json;
+}
+
+QJsonObject AndroidController::upgradeSubscription(const QString &offerToken, const QString &oldPurchaseToken)
+{
+    QJniObject result = callActivityMethod<jstring, jstring, jstring>("upgradeSubscription",
+                                                                      "(Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;",
+                                                                      QJniObject::fromString(offerToken).object<jstring>(),
+                                                                      QJniObject::fromString(oldPurchaseToken).object<jstring>());
+    QJsonObject json = QJsonDocument::fromJson(result.toString().toUtf8()).object();
+    return json;
+}
+
+QJsonObject AndroidController::acknowledgePurchase(const QString &purchaseToken)
+{
+    QJniObject result = callActivityMethod<jstring, jstring>("acknowledgePurchase", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;",
+                                                             QJniObject::fromString(purchaseToken).object<jstring>());
+    QJsonObject json = QJsonDocument::fromJson(result.toString().toUtf8()).object();
+    return json;
+}
+
+QJsonObject AndroidController::queryPurchases()
+{
+    QJniObject result = callActivityMethod<jstring>("queryPurchases", "()Ljava/lang/String;");
+    QJsonObject json = QJsonDocument::fromJson(result.toString().toUtf8()).object();
+    return json;
+}
+
 // Moving log processing to the Android side
 jclass AndroidController::log;
 jmethodID AndroidController::logDebug;
--- a/client/platforms/android/android_controller.h
+++ b/client/platforms/android/android_controller.h
@ -50,6 +50,10 @@ public:
    bool requestAuthentication();
    bool isPlay();
    QJsonObject getSubscriptionPlans();
+    QJsonObject purchaseSubscription(const QString &offerToken);
+    QJsonObject upgradeSubscription(const QString &offerToken, const QString &oldPurchaseToken);
+    QJsonObject acknowledgePurchase(const QString &purchaseToken);
+    QJsonObject queryPurchases();

    static bool initLogging();
    static void messageHandler(QtMsgType type, const QMessageLogContext &context, const QString &message);